List of heads of state of Panama
(Redirected from Governor of Panama)
President of the Republic of Panama | |
---|---|
Presidente de la República de Panamá | |
Residence | Palacio de las Garzas, Panama City |
Term length | Five years, renewable once non-consecutively |
Precursor | Martín Torrijos |
Inaugural holder | Manuel Amador Guerrero |
Formation | 20 February 1904 |
Deputy | Vice President of Panama |
Salary | 7,000 USD per month[1] |
Website | Presidencia de la República |
This article lists the heads of state of Panama since the short-lived first independence from the Republic of New Granada in 1840 and the final separation from Colombia in 1903. Since 1904 the head of state of Panama has been the President of Panama.
Free State of the Isthmus (1840–1841)[edit]
No. | Portrait | President (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
1 | Tomás de Herrera (1804–1854) |
20 March 1841 | 8 June 1841 | 80 days | Superior Chief of State | |
(1) | 8 June 1841 | 31 December 1841 | 206 days | President |
Republic of Panama (1903–present)[edit]
President of the Municipal Council of Panama and de facto President (1903)[edit]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
3 | Demetrio H. Brid (1859–1917) |
3 November 1903 | 4 November 1903 | 1 day | Conservative Party |
Members of the Provisional Government Junta (1903–1904)[edit]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
4 | José Agustín Arango (1841–1909) |
4 November 1903 | 20 February 1904 | 108 days | National Liberal Party | |
5 | Tomás Arias (1856–1932) |
Independent | ||||
6 | Federico Boyd (1851–1924) |
National Liberal Party | ||||
7 | Manuel Espinosa Batista (1857–1919) |
9 November 1903 | 7 December 1903 | 28 days | National Liberal Party |
Presidents of Panama (1904–present)[edit]
No. | Portrait | President (Birth–Death) |
Elected | Term of office | Political Party | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
1 | Manuel Amador Guerrero (1833–1909) |
1904 | 20 February 1904 | 23 June 1907[2] | 3 years, 123 days | Conservative Party | ||
2 | José Domingo de Obaldía (1845–1910) |
— | 24 June 1907[2] | 27 December 1907[2] | 186 days | National Liberal Party | ||
(1) | Manuel Amador Guerrero (1833–1909) |
— | 29 December 1907[2] | 1 October 1908 | 277 days | Conservative Party | ||
(2) | José Domingo de Obaldía (1845–1910) |
1908 | 1 October 1908 | 1 March 1910 | 1 year, 151 days | National Liberal Party | Died in office. | |
— | Carlos Antonio Mendoza (1856–1916) |
— | 1 March 1910 | 1 October 1910 | 214 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. | |
— | Federico Boyd (1851–1924) |
— | 1 October 1910 | 5 October 1910 | 4 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. | |
— | Pablo Arosemena (1836–1920) |
— | 5 October 1910 | 1 October 1912 | 1 year, 362 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. | |
3 | Belisario Porras Barahona (1856–1942) |
1912 | 1 October 1912 | 1 October 1916 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | First tenure. | |
4 | Ramón Maximiliano Valdés (1867–1918) |
1916 | 1 October 1916 | 3 June 1918 | 1 year, 245 days | National Liberal Party | Died in office. | |
— | Ciro Luis Urriola (1863–1922) |
— | 3 June 1918 | 1 October 1918 | 120 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. | |
— | Pedro Antonio Díaz (1852–1919) |
— | 1 October 1918 | 12 October 1918 | 11 days | Conservative Party | Acting President. | |
(3) | Belisario Porras Barahona (1856–1942) |
1918 | 12 October 1918 | 30 January 1920 | 1 year, 110 days | National Liberal Party | Second tenure. | |
— | Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre (1876–1922) |
— | 30 January 1920 | 1 October 1920 | 245 days | National Liberal Party | Acting President. | |
(3) | Belisario Porras Barahona (1856–1942) |
1920 | 1 October 1920 | 1 October 1924 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | Third tenure. | |
5 | Rodolfo Chiari (1869–1937) |
1924 | 1 October 1924 | 1 October 1928 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | ||
6 | Florencio Harmodio Arosemena (1872–1945) |
1928 | 1 October 1928 | 3 January 1931 | 2 years, 94 days | National Liberal Party | Deposed in a coup d'état. | |
— | Harmodio Arias Madrid (1886–1963) |
— | 3 January 1931 | 16 January 1931 | 13 days | Independent | Acting President. | |
7 | Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované (1882–1971) |
— | 16 January 1931 | 5 June 1932 | 1 year, 141 days | National Liberal Party | ||
8 | Harmodio Arias Madrid (1886–1963) |
1932 | 5 June 1932 | 1 October 1936 | 4 years, 118 days | National Revolutionary Party | ||
9 | Juan Demóstenes Arosemena (1879–1939) |
1936 | 1 October 1936 | 16 December 1939 | 3 years, 76 days | National Liberal Party | Died in office. | |
— | Ezequiel Fernández (1886–1946) |
— | 16 December 1939 | 18 December 1939 | 2 days | National Revolutionary Party | Acting President. | |
— | Augusto Samuel Boyd (1879–1957) |
— | 18 December 1939 | 1 October 1940 | 288 days | National Revolutionary Party | Acting President. | |
10 | Arnulfo Arias (1901–1988) |
1940 | 1 October 1940 | 9 October 1941 | 1 year, 8 days | National Revolutionary Party | First tenure. Deposed in a coup d'état. | |
11 | Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango (1899–1969) |
— | 9 October 1941 | 15 June 1945 | 3 years, 249 days | Independent | ||
— | Enrique Adolfo Jiménez (1888–1970) |
1945 | 15 June 1945 | 7 August 1948 | 3 years, 53 days | National Liberal Party | Provisional President. | |
12 | Domingo Díaz Arosemena (1875–1949) |
1948 | 7 August 1948 | 28 July 1949 | 355 days | National Liberal Party | Resigned after a heart attack, and died less than a month later. | |
13 | Daniel Chanis Pinzón (1892–1961) |
— | 28 July 1949 | 20 November 1949 | 115 days | National Liberal Party | ||
14 | Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (1905–1981) |
— | 20 November 1949 | 24 November 1949 | 4 days | National Liberal Party | First tenure. | |
(10) | Arnulfo Arias (1901–1988) |
— | 24 November 1949 | 9 May 1951 | 1 year, 166 days | Panameñista Party | Second tenure. | |
15 | Alcibíades Arosemena (1883–1958) |
— | 9 May 1951 | 1 October 1952 | 1 year, 145 days | Authentic Revolutionary Party | ||
16 | José Antonio Remón Cantera (1908–1955) |
1952 | 1 October 1952 | 2 January 1955 | 2 years, 93 days | National Patriotic Coalition | Assassinated. | |
17 | José Ramón Guizado (1899–1964) |
— | 2 January 1955 | 29 March 1955 | 86 days | National Patriotic Coalition | ||
18 | Ricardo Arias (1912–1993) |
— | 29 March 1955 | 1 October 1956 | 1 year, 186 days | National Patriotic Coalition | ||
19 | Ernesto de la Guardia (1904–1983) |
1956 | 1 October 1956 | 1 October 1960 | 4 years | National Patriotic Coalition | ||
(14) | Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (1905–1981) |
1960 | 1 October 1960 | 17 March 1963 | 2 years, 167 days | National Liberal Party | Second tenure. | |
— | Bernardino González Ruiz (1911–2012) |
— | 17 March 1963 | 23 March 1963 | 6 days | Democratic Action Party | Acting president. | |
(14) | Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón (1905–1981) |
— | 23 March 1963 | 1 October 1964 | 1 year, 192 days | National Liberal Party | Second tenure. | |
20 | Marco Aurelio Robles (1908–1990) |
1964 | 1 October 1964 | 1 October 1968 | 4 years | National Liberal Party | ||
(10) | Arnulfo Arias (1901–1988) |
1968 | 1 October 1968 | 11 October 1968 | 10 days | Panameñista Party | Third tenure. Deposed in a coup d'état. | |
— | José María Pinilla Fábrega (1919–1979) |
— | 12 October 1968 | 18 December 1969 | 1 year, 67 days | Military (National Guard) |
Chairman of the Provisional Junta. | |
21 | Colonel Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla (1918–2005) |
Military (National Guard) |
President. | |||||
— | Demetrio B. Lakas (1925–1999) |
— | 19 December 1969 | 11 October 1972 | 2 years, 297 days | Independent | Chairman of the Provisional Junta to 11 October 1972. | |
22 | 1972 | 11 October 1972 | 11 October 1978 | 6 years | ||||
23 | Aristides Royo (born 1940) |
1978 | 11 October 1978 | 31 July 1982 | 3 years, 293 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | ||
24 | Ricardo de la Espriella (born 1934) |
— | 31 July 1982 | 13 February 1984 | 1 year, 197 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | ||
25 | Jorge Illueca (1918–2012) |
— | 13 February 1984 | 11 October 1984 | 241 days | Independent | ||
26 | Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino (born 1938) |
1984 | 11 October 1984 | 28 September 1985 | 352 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | ||
— | Eric Arturo Delvalle (1937–2015) |
— | 28 September 1985 | 26 February 1988 | 2 years, 151 days | Republican Party | Acting President. | |
— | Manuel Solís Palma (1917–2009) |
— | 26 February 1988 | 1 September 1989 | 1 year, 187 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | Acting President. | |
— | Francisco Rodríguez (born 1938) |
— | 1 September 1989 | 20 December 1989 | 110 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | Provisional President. Served at the time of the 1989 coup attempt. Deposed in the US invasion. | |
27 | Guillermo Endara (1936–2009) |
1989 | 20 December 1989 | 1 September 1994 | 4 years, 255 days | Panameñista Party | ||
28 | Ernesto Pérez Balladares (born 1946) |
1994 | 1 September 1994 | 1 September 1999 | 5 years | Democratic Revolutionary Party | ||
29 | Mireya Moscoso (born 1946) |
1999 | 1 September 1999 | 1 September 2004 | 5 years | Panameñista Party | Widow of Arnulfo Arias. | |
30 | Martín Torrijos (born 1963) |
2004 | 1 September 2004 | 1 July 2009 | 4 years, 303 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | Son of Omar Torrijos. | |
31 | Ricardo Martinelli (born 1952) |
2009 | 1 July 2009 | 1 July 2014 | 5 years | Democratic Change | ||
32 | Juan Carlos Varela (born 1963) |
2014 | 1 July 2014 | 1 July 2019 | 5 years | Panameñista Party | ||
33 | Laurentino Cortizo (born 1953) |
2019 | 1 July 2019 | Incumbent (Term ends on 1 July 2024) |
4 years, 345 days | Democratic Revolutionary Party | ||
34 | José Raúl Mulino (born 1959) |
2024 | 1 July 2024 (Has not assumed office yet) |
−21 days | Realizing Goals |
Military leaders of Panama (1968–1989)[edit]
From 1968 to 1989 a military junta exerted actual control over the country and nominated the president, who himself held little power. The following individuals were leaders of the junta.
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Military affiliation | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
1 | Brigadier-General Omar Torrijos (1929–1981) |
11 October 1968 | 31 July 1981 | 12 years, 293 days | National Guard | Assumed power in the 1968 coup d'état. Styled as Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution from 11 October 1968. Killed in an air crash. | |
2 | Colonel Rubén Darío Paredes (born 1933) |
3 March 1982 | 12 August 1983 | 1 year, 162 days | National Guard | ||
3 | General Manuel Noriega (1934–2017) |
12 August 1983 | 20 December 1989 | 6 years, 130 days | National Guard | Styled as Maximum Leader of the National Liberation from 15 December 1989. Deposed in the US invasion. | |
Panama Defense Forces (from 29 September 1983.) |
Timeline[edit]
Latest election[edit]
Candidate | Party or alliance | Votes | % | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
José Raúl Mulino | Realizing Goals–Alliance | Realizing Goals | 668,527 | 29.39 | ||
Alliance Party | 110,245 | 4.85 | ||||
Total | 778,772 | 34.23 | ||||
Ricardo Lombana | Another Way Movement | 559,432 | 24.59 | |||
Martín Torrijos | People's Party | 364,576 | 16.03 | |||
Rómulo Roux | For a Better Panama | Democratic Change | 138,274 | 6.08 | ||
Panameñista Party | 120,544 | 5.30 | ||||
Total | 258,818 | 11.38 | ||||
Zulay Rodríguez | Independent | 150,338 | 6.61 | |||
José Gabriel Carrizo | Vamos con todo Panama | Democratic Revolutionary Party | 126,454 | 5.56 | ||
Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement | 7,337 | 0.32 | ||||
Total | 133,791 | 5.88 | ||||
Maribel Gordón | Independent | 24,531 | 1.08 | |||
Melitón Arrocha | Independent | PAIS | 2,442 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | 2,218 | 0.10 | ||||
Total | 4,660 | 0.20 | ||||
Total | 2,274,918 | 100.00 | ||||
Valid votes | 2,274,918 | 97.53 | ||||
Invalid votes | 38,544 | 1.65 | ||||
Blank votes | 19,101 | 0.82 | ||||
Total votes | 2,332,563 | 100.00 | ||||
Registered voters/turnout | 3,004,083 | 77.65 | ||||
Source: Tribunal Electoral[3][4] |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "Shocking Gap Between Latin America's Presidential Salaries And Workers Minimum Wage". Latin Post. 22 June 2017.
- ^ a b c d ".:: SomosPanama.com ::". 2 April 2016. Archived from the original on 2 April 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
- ^ "General Election 2024, Election of the President". Tribunal Electoral (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- ^ "TE Presents Final Electoral Census" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2024.